Video Transcript
Diabetes is a condition and when insulin is lacking or ineffective. There are two types of diabetes.
Type one is insulin dependent. Type two is non-insulin dependent.
If someone is experiencing a low blood sugar level they may display signs of confusion they may be pale and sweaty dizzy shaking irritable or unconscious. If they are experiencing low blood sugar we need to try and keep them comfortable and if safe to do so allow them small sips of a high energy drink or sugar. If this is the case they will respond quickly. If they are inconscious place them on their side and call Triple Zero immediately.
First Response Treatment for Diabetes-Related Incidents: A First Aid Trainer’s Guide
Diabetes-related emergencies, such as hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), require prompt action to prevent life-threatening complications. Whether at home or work, recognizing symptoms and responding appropriately can save lives. Here’s how to manage these incidents effectively.
1. Recognize the Signs
- Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar):
- Symptoms: Shakiness, sweating, dizziness, confusion, irritability, rapid heartbeat, or unconsciousness.
- Common causes: Missed meals, excessive insulin, or strenuous activity.
- Hyperglycemia (High Blood Sugar):
- Symptoms: Extreme thirst, frequent urination, fruity-smelling breath, nausea, rapid breathing, or lethargy.
- Develops gradually, often due to insufficient insulin, illness, or poor diet.
2. Treating Hypoglycemia
A. If Conscious:
- Provide Fast-Acting Sugar: Give 15–20g of simple carbohydrates (e.g., 4 glucose tablets, ½ cup fruit juice, or 6 hard candies).
- Recheck Blood Sugar: After 15 minutes. If levels remain low (<70 mg/dL), repeat step 1.
- Follow with Protein/Carbs: Once stable, offer a snack (e.g., peanut butter crackers or cheese) to stabilize levels.
B. If Unconscious:
- Do NOT give food/drink (risk of choking).
- Administer glucagon via injection or nasal spray (Baqsimi) if available.
- Call 911 and place them in the recovery position.
3. Managing Hyperglycemia
- Encourage Hydration: Offer water to combat dehydration.
- Check Blood Sugar: If levels are very high (>240 mg/dL), follow the person’s care plan (e.g., insulin administration).
- Seek Medical Help: If vomiting, confusion, or ketones (detected via urine strips) are present, call 911.
4. Prevention Strategies
- Regular Monitoring: Encourage routine blood sugar checks for those with diabetes.
- Emergency Kits: Stock glucose tablets, glucagon, and snacks in accessible locations.
- Educate: Train coworkers/family to recognize symptoms and use glucagon.
- Workplace Support: Allow flexible breaks for meals and blood sugar checks.
Why Speed Matters
Untreated hypoglycemia can lead to seizures or coma within minutes. Hyperglycemia risks diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a medical emergency. Quick action stabilizes the person and buys time for professional care.
Final Thoughts
Diabetes emergencies demand calm, informed responses. Equip homes and workplaces with supplies, clear protocols, and trained responders. Always err on the side of caution: When in doubt, call 911.
By fostering awareness and preparedness, we empower everyone to act decisively and save lives.
Note: Aligns with guidelines from the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Red Cross. Regular drills ensure confidence in using glucagon and glucose tools.
